Beforehand alloy function reachs his to have medium effect in King Kong manson

1. With sex be matchinged by treatment material wear-resisting. The wearability of carcass is exorbitant, diamond grain appears not easily, treatment efficiency is low cannot machine even; Conversely, carcass wearability is too low, the service life of the tool drops. This one character is treatment material character and be machined material character, wear away condition, wear away parameter the complex and integrated function that wait; 2.

2. Carcass is right the hold of diamond. The metallurgy adhesion that points to diamond and carcass and carcass set force to the mechanical bag of diamond. Mechanical bag sets strength float to result from of cooling and contractive carcass press stress and refrigeration to the photograph that add a look changes of carcass press stress. This packet of stretch model amount that sets force and carcass is concerned, increase the stretch model amount of carcass, be helpful for enhancing carcass to set force to the mechanical bag of diamond; 2.

3. The microtherm agglomeration of carcass is characteristic. Low firing temperature becomes estranged to reducing the hot damage of diamond the section report, loss that reduces a mould is greatly advantageous; 2.

4. The craft sex of carcass powder. Carcass pink is used at Leng Yacheng form, the due and good suppress sex after joining a few binder (include constrictive with figuration sex) , in addition, carcass pink holds concurrently transfer the layer uses noodles or vermicelli made from bean or sweet potato starch, due and good solderability; 2.

5. Carcass powder is low-cost, preparation carcass is pulverous, be not polluted or little pollution environment is all in all, water mist law produces carcass powder to have this one advantage just about. As carcass, its function basically has two: It is " the bag is set " cutting component, 2 be with cutting component (diamond) " match " wear away. Product quality depends on greatly the function of its carcass, and the function of carcass basically depends on carcass material. Common carcass material has colophony, metal and pottery and porcelain 3 kinds, among them metallic carcass receives wide application with good mechanical performance. 80% what the diamond product of metallic carcass occupies diamond product gross about. Product of metallic carcass diamond is to use pulverous metallurgy method, mix diamond grain and metallic powder classics suppress agglomeration and make. Because diamond exists: One, thermal stability is poor; 2, the existence is very tall interface between diamond and metal can, the metal is poor to the wetability of diamond, between diamond and metal form chemical metallurgy union very hard, cause the combinative strength that gains tall diamond and metallic interface very hard; 3, the wearability of diamond and metallic carcass matchs very hard. The design that this gives metallic carcass data and choice bring difficulty. Be opposite domestic and internationally the research of metallic carcass is very much, wraparound rise to be able to divide roughly for: One, the combines mechanism concerned research of diamond and metallic carcass; 2, the research of metallic carcass system; 3, the research of method of preparation of metallic carcass material; 4, the function token of metallic carcass reachs the research that evaluates a system. 3. The bond of research 　 　 of carcass union mechanism is right the hold of diamond nothing more than have 3 kinds: Machinery enchases force, physisorption force and chemical adhesion. In these 3 kinds of force, physisorption force is very small, negligible not plan; The size that machinery sets force depends on the intensity that the agglomeration alloy of carcass changes rate of degree, hole and carcass and hardness; Chemical adhesion is the strongest, but premise is metallic carcass and diamond interface join state into chemical metallurgy. The interface that raises carcass to depend on improving carcass and diamond to the key of the hold of diamond joins state, make puissant key union is formed between carcass and diamond. The measure that improves an interface to join state is wraparound rise to basically have add strong carbide to form element and diamond surface metallization. Diamond surface metallization uses deposit of deposit of physical gas phase, chemical gas phase namely, it is chemical plating, eletroplating method even, form film of a metal or carbide film in diamond surface beforehand, mix with carcass material next will make product. At present method of diamond surface metallization still is put in a few difficulty to remain to solve; How does the surface reduce diamond intensity loss as far as possible in metallization process; The transition that after how preventing exterior metallization, forms the layer appears in the goods process that make crackle is statified even phenomenon. 4. The carcass of metal of research 　 　 of metallic carcass system includes binder, additive and minim active element, among them binder basically is to point to the melting point such as Cu, Sn, Zn the metal with low, low hardness. Additive is the hardness in pointing to carcass normally tall, melting point adds part high. The strength that it can increase carcass, hardness, wearability and adjust the tenacity of carcass. Minim active element basically is the combinative position that improves diamond and carcass interface, raise both interface to combine strength then. Up-to-date commonly used carcass system has bronze radical, cobalt radical, iron radical and WC-Co base. Bronze radical has inferior fluid photograph temperature, fluid photograph agglomeration can come true below inferior temperature, can better land protects diamond, reduce the hot loss of diamond. Basically use as diamond emery wheel, marble curiums piece. Cobalt radical is the system with the at present most application in product of high quality diamond. Cobalt is all be opposite in tantalum diamond wetability is opposite nicer element, and the low temperature that place of metal of prep above other is done not have is stuck characteristic however, comparing its melting point is low below much temperature, tall cobaltic matrix can obtain very good alloy to change rate, make its form very expensive machine to set force to diamond, cobalt is right at the same time of diamond erode action small, can protect diamond effectively. Because cobaltic price is high and resource deficient, hamper its popularize application in great quantities badly, at present main be confined to is used in high-grade diamond product. Accordingly, a lot of investigator consider actively to replace cobaltic element in carcass. Nextpage 　 　 has admirable bag to set function to diamond as a result of cobalt, curium in traditional diamond so an important material that the cobalt in manufacturing industry regards knife the first-born as body all the time. Curium according to diamond piece different utility, curium namely cut different material, other metal still is joined to adjust its hardness in carcass, perhaps say to adjust function of its wear and tear. For example, the diamond of cut marble and lime cliff curiums piece, often add the bronze of high rate in the carcass of knife head; And curium cut granite to wait relatively the diamond of adamant material curiums piece, add small amount bronze in body of knife the first-born. Curium to raise diamond sometimes piece service life, increase cobaltic content in body of knife the first-born, its action is the hardness that raises carcass. Well-known, portuguese it is the bed on the world material of stone of 9 big adornment produces a country, also be European bed material of 3 big stone produces a country, be next to Italy and Spain, have rich stone material resource, the breed such as cliff of granitic, marble, lime is various. Produce cost to reduce Shicai, promotion used the carcass data of low cobaltic content, data of uses low cobaltic content is Co-Cu-Fe, can reduce diamond to curium piece curium the cutting force when cutting, and carcass has better hardness and succumb intensity, curium the effect with cut the hard rock material such as granite and quartzite to have better. German Dr.

Fritsch company is engaged in diamond curiuming a famous manufacturer that makes with facilities of knife head production, do not have the demand of cobalt or material of carcass of low cobaltic content to be opposite on contented international, at the beginning of 2005 development gives new-style carcass data, use at making to curium cut granite to curium piece, achieved favorable result. In new-style carcass material, added bronze, because its contain stannic rate very small, have so can extend a gender, increased the tenacity of carcass thereby. Diamond of this big to making diameter curiums piece knife head has important sense. Iron and cobalt are in VIII together deputy a group of things with common features, a lot of function and cobaltic close, iron is resourceful and low-cost, be very carcass system of economy. Accordingly, iron radical carcass is the heat that in recent years carcass studies. Had gotten applied in product of low character diamond via studying iron radical carcass [4~6] , use a large number of diamond tool is medium use in cut of material of our country stone especially, obtained better economic benefits. Express 1 acting cobalt beforehand alloy changes Dr of Germany of Eurotunstene of France of company of carcass powder property.

Co Fe CuCo Fe CuCo Fe CuCo Fe CuCo Fe Cu of bases of NEXT100NEXT200NEXT300DIAbaseV15DIAbaseV18 of Fritsch alloy model expends M0 of μ of family name granuality.

8~1.

800.

8~1.

80 density G/cm38.

628.

758.

08.

088.

0~8.

HRB108~11010398~10012100~105 of hardness of Kg/cm2350350350350350 of pressure of agglomeration of C800~825725~775750900>700 of 01 firing temperature is expressed 2 beforehand the bases of alloyed powder end and code name of basic function powder advocate composition density G/cm3 is reductive content of temperature C oxygen, wt% pine compares diameter of G/cm3 average bead, um04Fe base 8.

03620~6400.

383.

417.

805Fe base 8.

15620~6400.

292.

918.

306Cu base 8.

72600~6200.

242.

615.

3ACu-Co base 8.

48---1.

07*1.

1~1.

6*4.

95BCu-Co base 8.

75---1.

04*1.

0~1.

5*4.

45CFe-Co base 8.

05---0.

392.

1613.

97EFCo100%8.

9400~4200.

280.

Does 9<1 　 note: ? ? person present data for citation, the data 　 　 that the others determines to install Inc. of peaceful science and technology from the watch 1 visible, foreign A, diameter of B pulverous bead is lesser, pine comparing is low, oxygen content is higher, of C powder and article preparation 04, 05, 06 pulverous bead diameter, pine comparing, oxygen content comparatives. The alloy that the biggest advantage of water pulverization is powder changes rate tall, composition is even, produce can big, cost low. Watch 3 beforehand of alloyed powder compact change hot pressing firing temperature, density and hardness powder code name is compact change G/cm3 of density of agglomeration of C of hot pressing firing temperature compact change opposite density % hardness HRB04700~7508.

0~8.

198.

7~100106~10905750~8108.

0~8, 1598.

1~99101~10206660~7208.

55~8.

698.

1~98.

697~98A700~7508.

36~8.

498~99106~108B700~7508.

57~8.

6698~99102~104C720~7807.

95~7.

8097~9998~102EFCo780~8508.

7~8.

9098~100100~105 　 from the watch 3 in visible, 04, 05, the hardness HRB as it happens of 06 powder is formed from 109 to 3 a flight of stairs of 97. To the knife head of cut ferroconcrete and granite and sandstone, have very good adaptability. When necessary right amount the other powder that adds horniness or soft simple look, can preparation goes out to have tall treatment already sharp degree of tool that has macrobian lot again. In recent years, technology of solder of high temperature drill rod introduces diamond products line of business, although time is not long, but already showed the feasibility that improves diamond product performance substantially. Drill rod solder and traditional method (eletroplate, agglomeration) photograph comparing, but diamond the biggest allow to give blade height from 0.

3D rises 0.

7D, this makes clear raised carcass substantially the hold to diamond. The action of drill rod solder is a diamond (mother capable person) add carcass material (mother capable person) expect with drill rod (also belong to carcass material) solder together, achieve the goal that metallurgy chemistry combines. To diamond, want to realize the precondition that nice package sets, the crucial point that also is a technology is felt makings becomes fluid appearance, and can well embellish wet diamond. And data of current drill rod solder (also can call carcass material) either cannot well embellish wet diamond, it is fluid photograph temperature too tall, want to get promotion application still is necessary to have thorough research, development fits the stuff of drill rod solder of diamond character. 5.

Rare earth is in rare earth in 　 of the 　 in metallic carcass the applied experience transplanting in hard alloy is provided to King Kong manson (carcass) in material, provide King Kong manson at the same time (carcass) the Co in material recipe base use Fe radical to replace entirely, make successfully gave data of tool of firm stone of fund of rare earth Fe, via the test of actual to its performance characteristics, tenacity of its bending strength, hardness, concussion all has relatively rise substantially, hole rate had reduce apparently. A few groups of data cite under with evidence. Watch 4 35%Fe base (35%Co base) add category of rare earth and the carcass data bending strength that did not add rare land and hardness contrast serial number (Wt%) bending strength all is worth (MPa) hardness all is worth (HRB)13RE=035%Fe base 530.

5082.

3714RE=0.

235%Fe base 582.

6785.

8210La=0.

535%Fe base 697.

8992.

6911La=0.

735%Fe base 794.

2393.

6317La=0.

335%Fe base 858.

5094.

2318Ce=035%Co base 980.

2296.

19 　 by the watch 4 in data is knowable, the 35%Fe that adds rare land base carcass material Hang Wanjiang is spent the bending strength of congener carcass material all was worth rarer than was not being added earth to raise 10%(to compare set number at least 13 with 14) , highest raise 62% (to compare set number 13 with 17) , hardness also has rise certainly. Compare set number 17 and 18 knowable, the 35%Fe that adds rare land base carcass bending strength and hardness already were close to the 35%Co that does not add rare land base the bending strength of carcass and hardness. Nextpage expresses 5 35%Fe base (35%Co base) add rare earth and the bending strength of diamond tool data that do not add rare land and hardness contrast (bending strength of category of number of set of diamond chroma 46%) all is worth (MPa) hardness all is worth (HRB)10RE=035%Fe base and not plated film diamond 522.

36092.

539RE=035%Fe base add plated film diamond 529.

6192.

7216La=0.

335%Fe base add not plated film diamond 558.

093.

1019La=0.

335%Fe base add plated film diamond 582.

0494.

0614Ce=0.

335%Fe base add not plated film diamond 580.

2593.

8013Ce=0.

335%Fe base add plated film diamond 596.

8796.

213RE=035%Co base add plated film diamond 590.

8394.

58 　 by the watch 5 visible, material of plated film diamond is compared not the bending strength of material of plated film diamond wants generally a few taller, because metallurgy bag already was formed to set partly between layer of plated film metal and carcass material,this basically is, and not was a kind of mechanical bag sets be caused by completely between plated film diamond and carcass material. By the watch 5 visible still, add material of rare earth diamond to compared the bending strength that did not add material of rare earth diamond to raise 10% above, hardness also rises somewhat. And add performance of material of firm stone of fund of rare earth Fe already was close to very, exceeded congener Co even base (did not add rare land) the function of diamond material. 6. The research 　 　 of method of preparation of metallic carcass material arrives on century a few investigator offer 80 time use beforehand material of carcass of alloy method goods, beforehand alloyed powder is by a kind of over tantalum, become very even alloyed powder through the honest legal system such as hydromeallurgy, it has: Adjust easily carcass function, can drop firing temperature, rise compact sex and change equably, improve diamond carcass wear away condition, raise carcass to set ability to diamond bag, and anti-impact properties is good, can prevent metal of low melting point burn caustic or slant analyse, powder oxidizes not easily, comfortable produce at big batch automation, simplify workmanship, can obtain better economic benefits, accordingly, beforehand alloyed powder receives promotion application very quickly in metallic carcass. Of this one period beforehand alloyed powder basically uses pulverization law to produce. Pulverization law produces beforehand alloy of alloyed powder end changes rate tall, liquidity is good, can adjust carcass wearability effectively, and manufacturing efficiency is tall, cost also relatively electroanalysis etc producer type is low. To last centuries 90 time metaphase, abroad offerred diamond first use in goods super- fine beforehand new idea of alloyed powder end, and 1998 beforehand the substitute that alloyed powder regards cobalt radical as carcass applies in diamond tool truly. Super- fine beforehand diameter of alloyed powder bead is less than 10 μ M, the aggregate that these petty grain form belongs to the intermediate zone region between microcosmic particle and macroscopical object, have a series of special physics and chemical property. Super- fine beforehand alloyed powder end has good agglomeration performance, it is now the element that introduces generally mixes powder even pulverization beforehand place of alloyed powder end does not have, can achieve in inferior firing temperature very tall send density and agglomeration hardness. Super- fine beforehand alloy production methods has normally in all precipitation method and law of metallic steam synthesis. Use beforehand the binder that alloyed powder end regards diamond tool as carcass, have the following advantage: (1) .

Can the function that the root curiums labour oppose is resembled chooses different binder, raise the use specific aim of the tool; (2) .

Use beforehand the diamond tool that alloyed powder end makes, raised the compact sex of carcass and uniformity, improve carcass thereby wear away condition; (3) .

Use beforehand the diamond tool that alloyed powder end makes, can raise carcass to include set faculty to its, and anti-impact properties is better; (4) .

Beforehand alloyed powder end oxidizes not easily, save convenient, can simplify the workmanship of the tool, obtain better economic benefits. Beforehand alloyed powder end acts as in carcass the action of binder, designing beforehand when the alloy composition of alloyed powder end, should consider the following: (1) .

The discretion of firing temperature basically depends on the discretion of felt metal melting point, to prevent the fire damage that high temperature causes to diamond, composition should choose metal of low melting point; (2) .

Beforehand alloy binder falls in constant firing temperature, can just composition of the framework in embellish wet carcass and diamond, and flow can generate again below outer pressure action; (3) .

In agglomeration process, beforehand if alloy binder and framework composition produce reaction, can be opposite only carcass machinery performance is favorable, can advantageous to dropping firing temperature, and do not allow to form the alloy with inferior function, and make fluid photograph disappears cannot composition of overall profit wet framework and diamond, also cannot cause loss to diamond at the same time; (4) .

The cooling process after agglomeration, can mechanical to carcass performance is favorable, in order to make sure diamond tool quality is insusceptible; (5) .

Below regular job temperature, beforehand alloy felt metal should make sure felt material layer can bear grain of the horniness in carcass (framework composition and diamond) the stress that passes it and do not arise be out of shape or displacement. 7. Product of diamond of 　 of 　 of carcass evaluation system asks to have to the core of carcass function at 2 o'clock: It is fetal physical ability controls diamond firmly, won't fall off prematurely in use process; 2 it is to using the carcass in the process to wear away with diamond wear away to match, carry product already due and sharp degree, make the design function of goods gets assuring at the same time. At present the function token of metallic carcass still uses the index such as bending strength, hardness and concussion tenacity. And these index cannot mirror carcass to match a gender to the hold of diamond and both tatty, cannot establish direct and corresponding relationship with the final performance characteristics of diamond product more. Accordingly, investigator people the uses property concern that discussing mechanical function and carcass actively. Of carcass the mutual and abrade action that wearing away basically is cliff pink and carcass, and curiuming actually in cutting a course, it is what be the same as carcass in pink of the cliff below high temperature condition is abrade, because of the stand or fall of this carcass high temperature capability, closely related the wear-resisting function with carcass, the high temperature intensity of carcass is higher, the performance of high temperature wear-resisting of carcass is better, corresponding carcass wearability is better also. From this knowable, the high temperature softening point of usable carcass shows the wearability stand or fall of carcass. Come when today, the token of function of golden pink carcass still is internationally difficulty and heat, function token means was not fulfilled, cannot build carcass function to evaluate a system, this is to be at present to the research key with medium henceforth domain of product of a few years of diamond. 8. The analysis that carcass studies to medium insufficient 　 　 passes current situation of domestic and international to metallic carcass research is knowable, combine mechanism to return existence to be not worth apparently to carcass function token from diamond and metallic carcass, incorporate is: 8. The combinative mechanism research of 1 diamond and metallic carcass is not quite thorough, both the interfacial reaction between and transfer the layer forms mechanism indistinct, what require a condition ambiguous; 8. The design of material of 2 metals carcass lacks theoretical calculation, add part, the choice of active element and exterior metallization element lacks academic basis, was not being made clear is the difference that what element causes effect of diamond surface metallization; 8. 3 lack right beforehand alloy changes a method, pulverous pretreatment and the research that use craft asks, bring about beforehand the advantage of alloyed powder end was not developed completely; 8. 4 did not find accurate and the token method of direct carcass performance characteristics, the property that also did not build science evaluates a system. Consider to make clear in great quantities, the auxiliary token method that the index of mechanical and mechanical function such as tenacity of carcass intensity, hardness, concussion, wearability can regard carcass as performance characteristics only. 8. 5 heretofore, cobalt radical carcass still is the carcass system with best integral performance, had not found replace data completely, bring about high quality diamond product cost to still be resided do not fall high. Through considering to be able to see in great quantities, the difficulty that unit element replaces cobalt is very great, but use multivariate the possibility that alloyed powder end replaces cobalt is very large. CNC Milling